See borwe in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "borrow"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "borrow"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"influenced by the verb"
],
"word": "borrow"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "borch"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-",
"name": "PIE root box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "borg",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English borg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "borg"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English borg",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*borg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *borg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burgaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-\nInherited from Old English borg, borh, from Proto-West Germanic *borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgaz; the frequency of forms in -we implies frequent rebuilding on the plural borwes and related verb borwen. For the early form barh, see the discussion at morwe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "borwes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "borgh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borow",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borowe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borugh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borw",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borwgh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "barh",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "borh",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "borowgh",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "borowghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borou",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boru",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borewe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borcht",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borrghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borwch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bourcht",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bourghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowrch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowrche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "borwe",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "borwes"
},
"expansion": "borwe (plural borwes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "borwage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "borwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "borwere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "borweschipe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"A ransom (money paid for return of a hostage)"
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-3KpBf7tC",
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"asset",
"asset#English"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"ransom",
"ransom"
],
[
"money",
"money#English"
],
[
"paid",
"paid#English"
],
[
"return",
"return#English"
],
[
"hostage",
"hostage#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"Testimony; a statement as evidence."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-HtPen-WE",
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"asset",
"asset#English"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"Testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"A loan (money lent to another)"
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-Oiw4LduD",
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"asset",
"asset#English"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"loan",
"loan"
],
[
"money",
"money#English"
],
[
"lent",
"lent#English"
],
[
"another",
"another#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"(rare) A loan (money lent to another)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 2 22 21 20 2 21 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 2 27 26 6 1 26 0 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"A surety; a legal guarantor of an agreement, debt, or legal appearance."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-E-zKCkdy",
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"surety",
"surety"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"debt",
"debt"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(law) A surety; a legal guarantor of an agreement, debt, or legal appearance."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 5 11 9 2 23 24 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 4 12 8 2 24 27 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 2 22 21 20 2 21 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 2 27 26 6 1 26 0 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"One who corroborates another's claims or testimony."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-j6RqaZN2",
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"corroborate",
"corroborate"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(especially law) One who corroborates another's claims or testimony."
],
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 2 22 21 20 2 21 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"A saint or deity invoked as a guarantor."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-i-Oowbc3",
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"saint",
"saint"
],
[
"deity",
"deity"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(religion) A saint or deity invoked as a guarantor."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"A baptismal sponsor; a godparent."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-DEwd77n7",
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"baptismal",
"baptismal"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"godparent",
"godparent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(rare) A baptismal sponsor; a godparent."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 8 10 8 5 17 18 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 5 11 9 2 23 24 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 4 12 8 2 24 27 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 2 22 21 20 2 21 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Christianity",
"orig": "enm:Christianity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 6 2 27 26 6 1 26 0 3 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"Suretyship; the position of being or having a surety."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-Oxf9aXWU",
"links": [
[
"Guarantorship",
"guarantorship"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"Suretyship",
"suretyship"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"surety",
"surety"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"(law) Suretyship; the position of being or having a surety."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 8 10 8 5 17 18 2 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 5 11 9 2 23 24 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 4 12 8 2 24 27 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"The state of being a godparent."
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-rJn5Sj2W",
"links": [
[
"Guarantorship",
"guarantorship"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"godparent",
"godparent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"(rare) The state of being a godparent."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 12 12 10 7 7 7 4 3 17 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Finance",
"orig": "enm:Finance",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A debt (money owed to another)"
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-noun-Iek5x-Q0",
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
],
[
"money",
"money#English"
],
[
"owed",
"owed#English"
],
[
"another",
"another#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A debt (money owed to another)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔrwə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔrɔu̯(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔruː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔrx/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔriu̯(ə)/",
"note": "especially Kent, Southern, South Midland"
}
],
"word": "borwe"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "borwe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "borwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of borwen"
],
"id": "en-borwe-enm-verb-GCTi7ZI5",
"links": [
[
"borwen",
"borwen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "borwe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Finance",
"enm:Law"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "borrow"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "borrow"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"raw_tags": [
"influenced by the verb"
],
"word": "borrow"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "borch"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bʰergʰ-"
},
"expansion": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-",
"name": "PIE root box"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "borg",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old English borg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "borg"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old English borg",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*borg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *borg",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*burgaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *burgaz",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-\nInherited from Old English borg, borh, from Proto-West Germanic *borg, from Proto-Germanic *burgaz; the frequency of forms in -we implies frequent rebuilding on the plural borwes and related verb borwen. For the early form barh, see the discussion at morwe.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "borwes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "borgh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borow",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borowe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruȝ",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borugh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borw",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borwgh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "barh",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "borh",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "borowgh",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "borowghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borou",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boru",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruth",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borewe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borcht",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borrghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "boruch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "borwch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bourcht",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bourghe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowrch",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bowrche",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "borwe",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "borwes"
},
"expansion": "borwe (plural borwes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "borwage"
},
{
"word": "borwen"
},
{
"word": "borwere"
},
{
"word": "borweschipe"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"A ransom (money paid for return of a hostage)"
],
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"asset",
"asset#English"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"ransom",
"ransom"
],
[
"money",
"money#English"
],
[
"paid",
"paid#English"
],
[
"return",
"return#English"
],
[
"hostage",
"hostage#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"Testimony; a statement as evidence."
],
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"asset",
"asset#English"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"Testimony",
"testimony"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"evidence",
"evidence"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"A loan (money lent to another)"
],
"links": [
[
"pledge",
"pledge"
],
[
"security",
"security"
],
[
"asset",
"asset#English"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"loan",
"loan"
],
[
"money",
"money#English"
],
[
"lent",
"lent#English"
],
[
"another",
"another#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A pledge or security (asset deposited as guarantee):",
"(rare) A loan (money lent to another)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"A surety; a legal guarantor of an agreement, debt, or legal appearance."
],
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"surety",
"surety"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"agreement",
"agreement"
],
[
"debt",
"debt"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"appearance",
"appearance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(law) A surety; a legal guarantor of an agreement, debt, or legal appearance."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"One who corroborates another's claims or testimony."
],
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"corroborate",
"corroborate"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"testimony",
"testimony"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(especially law) One who corroborates another's claims or testimony."
],
"tags": [
"especially"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"A saint or deity invoked as a guarantor."
],
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"saint",
"saint"
],
[
"deity",
"deity"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(religion) A saint or deity invoked as a guarantor."
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"A baptismal sponsor; a godparent."
],
"links": [
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"guarantee",
"guarantee#English"
],
[
"conduct",
"conduct#English"
],
[
"baptismal",
"baptismal"
],
[
"sponsor",
"sponsor"
],
[
"godparent",
"godparent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A guarantor or sponsor (person who guarantees another's conduct):",
"(rare) A baptismal sponsor; a godparent."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"Suretyship; the position of being or having a surety."
],
"links": [
[
"Guarantorship",
"guarantorship"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"Suretyship",
"suretyship"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"being",
"being"
],
[
"having",
"having"
],
[
"surety",
"surety"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"(law) Suretyship; the position of being or having a surety."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"The state of being a godparent."
],
"links": [
[
"Guarantorship",
"guarantorship"
],
[
"position",
"position"
],
[
"guarantor",
"guarantor"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"godparent",
"godparent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"Guarantorship; the position of being a guarantor:",
"(rare) The state of being a godparent."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A debt (money owed to another)"
],
"links": [
[
"debt",
"debt"
],
[
"money",
"money#English"
],
[
"owed",
"owed#English"
],
[
"another",
"another#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A debt (money owed to another)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔrwə/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔrɔu̯(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔruː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔrx/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔriu̯(ə)/",
"note": "especially Kent, Southern, South Midland"
}
],
"word": "borwe"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Christianity",
"enm:Finance",
"enm:Law"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "borwe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "borwen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of borwen"
],
"links": [
[
"borwen",
"borwen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "borwe"
}
Download raw JSONL data for borwe meaning in Middle English (9.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (4997730 and 9380997). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.